Trong giao dich Forex, viec bao toan von luon quan trong hon viec kiem loi nhuan nhanh chong. Nhieu trader moi tham gia thi truong thuong chi chu trong tim diem vao lenh, chien luoc loi nhuan ma bo qua viec kiem soat muc sut giam tai khoan.

Day la ly do ma trong bai viet hom nay, chung ta se cung tim hieu chi tiet ve Drawdown – mot chi so quan trong ma bat ky trader nao cung phai nam ro. Bai viet duoc bien soan danh cho nguoi moi, dong thoi thuoc chuoi huong dan tu trang chu Mbroker.net nham giup trader Viet giao dich hieu qua hon.

Drawdown la gi? Vi sao trader phai quan tam?

Drawdown la muc sut giam cua tai khoan giao dich tinh tu dinh von cho den day tam thoi, the hien muc lo ma trader dang phai chiu so voi diem cao nhat truoc do. Day la chi so quan trong giup danh gia muc do rui ro cua chien luoc, kha nang quan ly von va muc chiu dung cua tai khoan trong giai doan thi truong bien dong.

Neu khong hieu ro Drawdown, trader co the roi vao trang thai hoang mang, de dan den cac hanh vi giao dich cam xuc nhu go lo, vao khoi luong lon hoac giao dich lien tuc dan den thua lo nang hon.

Cac loai Drawdown pho bien trong Forex

Absolute Drawdown

Absolute Drawdown the hien muc lo thap nhat cua tai khoan so voi so von ban dau. Chi so nay cho biet tai khoan cua ban da tung bi giam bao nhieu phan tram so voi tong von khoi diem. Neu Absolute Drawdown nho, chung to chien luoc dang duoc kiem soat tot.

Maximum Drawdown

Maximum Drawdown la muc sut giam lon nhat tu dinh von xuong day trong toan bo qua trinh giao dich. Day la thuoc do danh gia rui ro tong the cua mot chien luoc hoac mot bot giao dich. Trader chuyen nghiep luon uu tien chien luoc co Maximum Drawdown thap de dam bao an toan von lau dai.

Relative Drawdown

Relative Drawdown the hien muc sut giam theo phan tram cua tai khoan tai thoi diem thua lo so voi dinh von. Day la chi so thuong xuat hien trong cac bao cao thong ke cua EA hoac PAMM de mo ta su on dinh cua he thong giao dich.



Tren thuc te, muc Drawdown an toan se khac nhau tuy theo phong cach giao dich va muc chap nhan rui ro cua moi trader. Tuy nhien, co mot so moc tham khao:

- Duoi 10%: Rat an toan

- 10–20%: Chap nhan duoc

- 20–30%: Rui ro gia tang

- Tren 40%: Canh bao nguy hiem

- Tren 50%: Tai khoan cuc ky kho hoi phuc

Vi du: Neu tai khoan bi sut giam 50%, ban can loi nhuan 100% de quay lai diem hoa von. Day la ly do vi sao tranh de Drawdown lon la uu tien hang dau cua moi trader nghiem tuc.

Tim hieu them: https://www.navacool.com/forum/topic/203206/diversification-la-gi?-cach-da-dang-hoa-danh-muc-forex

Nguyen nhan khien tai khoan bi Drawdown manh

Co nhieu ly do dan den muc sut giam sau, pho bien nhat gom:

- Dung don bay qua cao khien bien dong nho cung lam tai khoan lo lon

- Khong dat stop loss hoac dat SL qua rong

- Overtrading – giao dich qua nhieu, mat kiem soat

- Thi truong bien dong manh, ra tin bat ngo

- Cam xuc chi phoi, dac biet la FOMO va revenge trade

Trong hau het truong hop, Drawdown lon khong chi do thi truong ma chu yeu den tu kha nang quan ly von va tam ly giao dich chua on dinh cua trader.

Cach giam muc Drawdown va bao toan tai khoan

- Dat Stop Loss va giu ky luat: Stop loss la cong cu giam thieu ton that nhanh nhat. Dat SL o vi tri hop ly giup phong ngu rui ro tu cac bien dong bat ngo. Quan trong hon la ky luat tuan thu SL, khong doi SL de “hi vong”.

- Han che su dung don bay cao: Trader moi thuong hap dan boi leverage lon nhung day cung la nguyen nhan gay chay tai khoan nhanh nhat. Don bay thap giup giam bien dong va han che Drawdown.

- Ap dung quy tac quan ly von 1–2%: Chi rui ro 1–2% moi giao dich giup ban tranh sut giam manh du lien tiep thua vai lenh. Day la quy tac co ban duoc nhieu trader chuyen nghiep ap dung.

- Giao dich theo ke hoach, tranh cam xuc: Ke hoach giao dich ro rang giup han che su can thiep cua cam xuc. Ghi lai nhat ky giao dich cung la cach hieu qua de ren luyen ky luat va giam vao lenh bua bai.

- Da dang hoa chien luoc hoac cap tien: Khong nen don toan bo rui ro vao mot vi the. Viec phan tan rui ro giup tai khoan on dinh va giam kha nang Drawdown dot ngot.

Khoi phuc tai khoan sau Drawdown lon

Khi gap sut giam manh, viec quan trong nhat la khong co go lo bang cach tang khoi luong. Hay:

- Tam dung giao dich de danh gia nguyen nhan

- Giam khoi luong cho den khi chien luoc on dinh

- Dieu chinh lai phuong phap hoac tim chien luoc phu hop hon

- Ghi chu cac sai lam de tranh lap lai

Mot tai khoan co the hoi phuc neu trader giu duoc su tinh tao va ky luat.

Ket luan

Drawdown la mot phan tat yeu cua giao dich nhung muc do cua no lai phu thuoc vao kha nang quan ly rui ro cua trader. Hieu ro khai niem nay, kiem soat cam xuc va giu ky luat giao dich se giup tai khoan duy tri on dinh lau dai. Day cung la mot noi dung quan trong trong bo tai lieu Kien thuc XM, ho tro trader nang cao su an toan truoc khi nghi den viec toi uu loi nhuan.