<p data-start="56" data-end="639">Hubs & switches are fundamental devices in networking, each playing a distinct role in connecting multiple computers or devices within a local area network (LAN). A hub acts as a simple networking device that broadcasts data to all connected devices, regardless of the intended recipient. This means that when one device sends data to the hub, it repeats that data to every other device in the network segment. While hubs are easy to set up and cost-effective, their lack of intelligence can lead to network inefficiencies and increased collisions, which can slow down communication.

<p data-start="641" data-end="1155">On the other hand, switches offer a more advanced and efficient solution compared to hubs. Switches operate by learning the physical addresses (MAC addresses) of the devices connected to them and forwarding data only to the specific device that needs it. This targeted data transmission reduces unnecessary traffic and significantly improves network performance. Switches also support full-duplex communication, allowing devices to send and receive data simultaneously, unlike hubs, which only support half-duplex.

<p data-start="1157" data-end="1610">In modern networks, switches have largely replaced hubs due to their superior performance, scalability, and security features. However, understanding hubs & switches remains essential for anyone involved in network design and troubleshooting. Both devices serve as the backbone for establishing communication pathways in small to medium-sized networks, helping to ensure that data flows smoothly between computers, printers, and other networked devices.

<p data-start="1612" data-end="2006" data-is-last-node="" data-is-only-node="">Ultimately, choosing between hubs & switches depends on the network requirements. For small, simple setups with minimal traffic, a hub might suffice, but for more robust, efficient, and secure networking, switches are the preferred choice. Understanding the differences between hubs & switches helps in making informed decisions about building and maintaining a reliable network infrastructure.